Plunder IV: the guided projectile
The rocket has speed. Nobody can stop it any more. In one year 18,500 millionaires net left Europe with around €100 billion in investable wealth. Next year more. History knows one end-point for this pattern.
By Jacobus van Merksteijn · Malta · August 2026
What is happening
It is no conspiracy. It is no evil plan. It is the natural outcome of forty years of democratic choices that in every generation, in every place, turned out roughly the same. Whoever owns a factory is annually taxed on wealth not yet realised. Whoever runs a factory sees his neighbours reap the fruits of it via benefits, subsidies, public services. Whoever works in a factory votes for the party that says the rich must pay more. Every step is logical, every choice is human. And together they form a projectile now going too fast to change course.
The productive class — entrepreneurs, inventors, family firms, patent holders — no longer has political representation in Europe. Not because someone silenced her. She counts less than five per cent of the electorate. In a democracy that by definition serves majorities, that is too few to carry a programme. The left has declared her the enemy. The centre-right can no longer defend her without losing votes. The populist right prefers to direct anger at migrants and Brussels — that is rhetorically more effective. Brussels produces documents fifteen per cent of which is implemented. That is no accident. That is deliberate governance within a system in which the destination lies far enough away that the bill does not have to be paid by those in charge.
In 2025 18,500 millionaires net left Europe. Sixteen and a half thousand from the United Kingdom, eight hundred from France, five hundred from Spain, four hundred from Germany, one hundred from Ireland, fifty from Sweden. They took roughly one hundred billion euros of investable wealth with them. Next year it will be more. That is not the crisis to come. That is the crisis already under way.
Whoever reads these figures for the first time thinks: surely that cannot be? And yet it is right. The sources are at the bottom of this article — Henley, Bundesbank, French Senate, DNB, CBS. Peer-reviewed figures from official registers. What you read here is no more than adding up what has already been published.
The exodus — figures from 2025 and the first half of 2026
Whoever claims the exodus is not that bad should read this chapter. The figures come not from opinion but from the Henley Private Wealth Migration Report 2025 and 2026, the Bundesbank, the French Senate, Spain's The Objective, the Dutch DNB and the bankruptcy statistics of French industry.
Net millionaire migration 2025 — Europe in one year
Source: Henley & Partners Private Wealth Migration Report 2025 and 2026 · New World Wealth · Bundesbank · French Senate · DNB.
United Kingdom — the largest exodus ever measured
🇬🇧 United Kingdom
The largest exodus Henley & Partners has ever measured for a single country. London alone lost 11,300 millionaires between November 2024 and November 2025. British equity funds lost between £11 and £60 billion — the tenth consecutive year of outflow. Wise moved to New York, Ferguson Enterprises dropped its London secondary listing, Flutter Entertainment leaves in August 2026, AstraZeneca went straight to the American exchange.
Trigger: abolition of the 225-year-old non-dom regime on 6 April 2025. Destination: Dubai (+9,800 in 2025 alone), the US, Italy, and — painfully ironic — Ireland (26% of departing SME owners name Ireland as first preference).
France — for the first time negative
🇫🇷 France
Negative for the first time in the measurement. France jumped between 2024 and 2026 from outside the top-40 source countries to the top-15. Industrial decline: Legrand minus 74 net jobs; Ineos idled its Tavaux plant, the site fell from 823 to 750; Stellantis Poissy shrinks from 1,925 to around 1,000 by 2030 (925 jobs gone). Renault moves five EV models to Palencia and Valladolid — Spain gets 6,000 jobs "secured". French net job creation according to Trendeo fell from +9,500 in 2024 to +310 in 2025 — nearly zero.
Trigger: Zucman tax (2% above €100 mn) rejected in the Senate, replaced by a 20% levy on luxury goods and passive family holdings above €5 mn. Destinations: Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Greece, UAE.
Germany — for the first time negative
🇩🇪 Germany
Germany jumped from position 24 to 13 in the Henley ranking. Applications rose 16 per cent between Q4 2025 and Q1 2026. Net emigration of German citizens in 2025: minus 97,000. In the auto industry, one in seven jobs disappeared in six years. Volkswagen: Dresden from 550 to 248, group-wide another 50,000 announced (37,000 already realised), plus up to 45,000 at risk with closures at Zwickau/Emden/Hannover/Neckarsulm between 2031 and 2034. BASF cut 7,000 jobs worldwide; Ludwigshafen falls below 30,000 full-time positions for the first time since 1954. Recipient: Zhanjiang, China, with more than 2,000 new jobs on top of 13,000 in Greater China. Bosch: 22,000 jobs gone in mobility. MAN moves truck production to Kraków.
Trigger: tightening of §6 AStG Wegzugsteuer as of 1 January 2025, plus Bundestag hearings on a wealth tax of 1% above €1 mn, rising to 2% above €50 mn. Destinations: Switzerland (+3,000), UAE (+9,800), US.
Netherlands — net still positive, industry negative
🇳🇱 Netherlands
The Netherlands scores 72.8 — the highest among large EU economies — in the Henley 2026 index. At HNWI level the Netherlands profits temporarily — from the British infarct. Below that: 48,029 people born in the Netherlands emigrated in 2025, against 25,290 arriving native-born. Aegon relocates HQ to New York (250 Schiphol jobs). Boskalis moves HQ to Abu Dhabi. AkzoNobel closes Wapenveld (143) and Machelen (133) — 276 jobs together — plus 2,000 office jobs worldwide, production going to Spain, Poland, Estonia. ASML publicly warned of partial relocation. NFIA new projects 2025: 4,376 jobs over three years; Amsterdam region 39 firms with 969 jobs — against 140 firms and 2,953 jobs in 2015. The curve points down.
Trigger: the "actual return" law from 2028 — tax on real return including unrealised gains at 36%. In 2026 a transitional regime with 7.78% flat-rate above €51,396. Taxing paper gains is explicitly named by emigration experts as a driver.
Italy — the great winner
🇮🇹 Italy
The largest net inflow in Europe and third in the world. Milan is now the eleventh-richest city in the world. Source countries: above all the UK, plus other Western European high-tax countries. Milan now counts 244 family offices (growth 10.4%). Salesforce announced $1 billion of AI investment on top of its existing 600 Italian jobs.
Trigger: flat tax for new wealthy residents — raised from €200,000 to €300,000 per year in the 2026 budget; existing beneficiaries are spared.
Spain — 500 gone, industry draining
🇪🇸 Spain
New foreign inflow fell to €18.9 bn — the weakest in four years. Corporate departures doubled: in December 2025 – January 2026 alone seven firms moved their seat to Portugal, Andorra, Italy, Panama and Delaware.
Trigger: the Impuesto Temporal de Solidaridad de las Grandes Fortunas (1.7–3.5% above €3 mn) is now permanent, plus abolition of the golden visa (3 April 2025) and tighter oversight of the Beckham law. Ferrovial moved its holding to the Netherlands.
Belgium — industry closes, capital-gains tax begins
🇧🇪 Belgium
Audi Brussels (Forest) closed on 28 February 2025 after 75 years — more than 3,000 direct and indirect jobs gone. Recipient: San José Chiapa in Puebla, Mexico, with more than 500 new jobs on top of 5,351 existing. Q8 e-tron production went along. Celanese closes Lanaken (160 jobs). Dow closes Tertre. Volvo Ghent — Belgium's last car plant, more than 6,300 employees — risks losing two of three EV models to Košice, Slovakia, where the plant grows to around 3,300 jobs.
Trigger: new capital-gains tax of 10% on financial assets from 1 January 2026, plus exit levy on latent gains at emigration. Destination for Belgian wealth: Dubai.
Sweden — industry drains away
🇸🇪 Sweden
Foreign investors put only 60.6 bn SEK into Sweden in Q3 2025 — Swedish investors, by contrast, raised their foreign portfolio investments by 203.3 bn SEK. GKN Driveline relocates Köping to Bruneck, Italy (≈500 jobs gone). Husqvarna closes Brastad by H1 2027 (~104 jobs). HydraSpecma moved Tranemo to Stargard, Poland. Abu Garcia closed Svängsta after 104 years.
Trigger: no classical exit tax, but the ten-year rule keeps capital gains on Swedish shares taxable for ten years.
Ireland — still a magnet, but pharma pauses
🇮🇪 Ireland
Still a magnet, but Ireland appears in Henley's outflow list for the first time. The risk is displaced, not realised: thirty pharma CEOs warned the European Commission in April 2025 that up to €100 billion of planned European investment could be redirected to the US. Irish pharma sector: some 90 firms, 50,000 jobs — the whole exposed. In the UK MSD cut 800 jobs in a planned London centre plus 125 scientists elsewhere at once — how fast that can go. By May 2026 MSD, Pfizer, Eli Lilly and Johnson & Johnson postponed new Irish investments. Allergan's parent redomiciled to the US again in 2025.
Portugal — the other winner in jobs
🇵🇹 Portugal
AICEP processed €3.58 bn of investment contracts in 2025 — good for more than 6,600 jobs, of which 20% highly skilled. In January 2026 CALB, Everbio, Lift One, Savannah Lithium, Topsoe and United PetFood signed contracts for 2,336 jobs. Aosheng Hi-Tech opened around 200 jobs in Valongo. Alstom Porto: 300 jobs. Stadler Digital Labs: from 100 to 300.
Trigger: the IFICI regime ("NHR 2.0") since December 2024, with a 20% flat rate on Portuguese salary and a ten-year exemption on most foreign income.
Added up — Europe in one year
Adding the published European losses for 2025: UK −16,500, France −800, Spain −500, Germany −400, Norway −150, Ireland −100, Sweden −50. Total: net −18,500 millionaires in one year. Worldwide, 142,000 millionaires relocated in 2025 — a record. For 2026 Henley forecasts 165,000 worldwide. For European countries Henley publishes no more figures in 2026, only a qualitative compass. The direction is the same. The figures have simply become too embarrassing to put in writing.
And behind those 18,500 millionaires stand factories. In Germany alone: minus 341,500 industrial jobs since 2019, of which minus 124,100 in 2025. In France: from +9,500 net job creation in 2024 to +310 in 2025 — nearly zero. At Volkswagen alone: 37,000 jobs gone, 50,000 announced, 45,000 at risk. At BASF: 7,000 worldwide. Audi Brussels: 3,000. Volvo Ghent: two thirds threatened, 3,300 new jobs in Košice. Stellantis Poissy: 925. GKN Köping: 500. Aegon Schiphol: 250. Legrand: 74 net. Husqvarna Brastad: 104. HydraSpecma: 50. Abu Garcia: 48. Add these nameless, and they become statistics. Add them by name and municipality, and it becomes an exodus that fits on one A4.
The global recipients 2025
Source: Henley & Partners Private Wealth Migration Report 2025. Within Europe the money circulates — out of UK, France, Germany, Spain, Belgium and Scandinavia to Italy, Switzerland, Portugal and Greece. Outside Europe, the UAE and US walk away with it.
Why it works this way
Three patterns, everywhere the same.
The left takes with moral certainty. Coherent story, reliable base, cultural hegemony. Whoever opposes "the strong must contribute more" bears the burden of proof.
The centre-right bends along. Cannot explain why taxing wealth is different from taxing income. The technical difference — you tax profit when it is realised, not wealth that does not yet exist — is impossible to sell to an electorate that thinks in soundbites. So they vote for what they rhetorically oppose.
The populist right points, does not build. Migration, Brussels, "the elite" — never the plunder itself. Even a right-wing breakthrough would not stop the plunder; it would only change the scapegoat.
And Brussels turns in neutral. Of the €800 billion per year Draghi prescribed in 2024, fifteen per cent has been realised in two years. The European Banking Federation reported on 10 June 2026 that the "competitiveness bill" now stands at €1.4 trillion — almost doubled while the meetings go on.
The Commission can do nothing because it is unable to. Five structural reasons:
- No taxing power. Fiscal sovereignty lies with the member states. Recommend yes, enforce no.
- Wrong timeline. Seven-year budgets, 2030 plans, 2035 roadmaps. The 16,500 British millionaires who left last year do not come back because a new MFF cycle begins in 2034.
- Caught between member states. Large countries want coordination up, small countries want their own fiscal room. The Commission cannot serve both and therefore does nothing that makes a difference.
- Does not understand production. Lawyers, economists, political scientists. No engineers, no factory managers, no patent holders. Documents produce no prosperity.
- Serves itself. Strong member states do not need Brussels. Weak ones do. A strong Europe is for the Commission an existential problem.
On 3 June 2026 the Commission presented its European Semester Spring Package. Mînzatu and Dombrovskis spoke of an "important shift". The recommendations are worded so that a trade-union leader reads solidarity into them and an entrepreneur reads deregulation. Both are right. There is nothing in them.
The pilots of the projectile
These are not culprits. This is worse. These are the leaders deliberately steering towards the abyss — not because they want the abyss, but because the abyss does not interest them. What interests them is winning votes and not losing votes. The rest is nebenbei. Sideline. Far past their own term. Something for a successor.
That is the core. A politician who cries "let the rich pay" is less dangerous if he simply does not understand it. He is more dangerous if he does understand it and does it anyway, because it wins votes and the alternative costs votes. He is a pilot who knows his course leads to a mountain and keeps to that course because his passengers chose him for it. The mountain comes later. The next election comes sooner.
The statements below are public, documented, dated. Each of these figures steers the rocket with a firm hand. Each of them knows the destination. For each of them the destination is nebenbei — a problem for later years, later cabinets, later generations. These are the mandates the voter has sent them into the cockpit with.
Netherlands
GroenLinks–PvdA
Jesse Klaver, 4 June 2026 in the House: "a fair tax on high profits and large wealth." Electorate: civil servants, teachers, healthcare — people without wealth who want to tax others' wealth. Morally comfortable, freely applicable.
FNV
Tuur Elzinga, ultimatum to the cabinet, 4 June 2026: benefits at level, paid by "the very richest". This union is no longer a union for workers. It defends the social contract with other people's money.
D66, VVD, CDA, NSC
All four voted for the new Box 3 law on 12 February 2026. The liberals now tax wealth not yet realised — a fiscal first the VVD once called impossible. They supported the welfare state for decades and now lack moral ground to oppose the bill.
PVV, BBB
Point at migrants, farmers, Brussels. Build nothing. Catch the anger and direct it at the wrong enemy.
VNO-NCW
Critical of Box 3, argues for a capital-gains tax instead of a capital-accretion tax. Technically right. Morally absent. The question whether the state may tax wealth annually at all they dare not raise.
Germany
SPD
Spitzensteuersatz from 42 to 49 per cent. Wealth tax above €20 mn. Fratzscher (DIW) calculates €42 bn yield, "with which labour can be lowered". That compensation always vanishes into general funds upon introduction. Every tax specialist knows that.
CDU/CSU
Officially against. By late May 2026 already "willing to compromise" — Reichensteuersatz from 45 to 47.5 per cent. That is how principles evaporate in coalition politics.
Bündnis 90/Die Grünen
Karl Haeusgen, former VDMA president, argues from within the Greens' entrepreneur network itself for higher income and inheritance tax. Self-destruction out of guilt.
AfD
Catches anger, directs it at migration and climate. Not at the plunder.
DGB
Stefan Körzell, 3 June 2026: tax every euro of wealth above €1 mn, plus a 10% Vermögensabgabe above €10 mn, spread over 20 years. Yield: €350 bn. The word he chooses: "profiteers". That is what the German trade union calls the entrepreneurs who run the factories where its members work and pay the premiums its members expect to live off.
Die Familienunternehmer
Warn of the substanzvernichtende Wirkung on business assets. Technically correct — a wealth tax on non-liquid means of production forces fragmentation. Not heard. In the German media they are "the rich", their workers are victims of those same entrepreneurs. The same firm, split along two axes.
France
La France Insoumise
Mélenchon: bring back ISF, super-profits tax, inheritance tax steeply up, SMIC to €1,700, pension to 60. Purest variant of plunder in Europe, sold as justice.
Parti Socialiste
Zucman norm: 2% wealth tax above €100 mn. Faure frames it as "socially acceptable alternative" to €44 bn cuts. The third track — promise less — does not come up.
Rassemblement National
Marine Le Pen defends the training account of the ordinary Frenchman. Cheaply leaves the attack on holdings and Pacte Dutreil untouched. Tactically: defending the rich is electorally unsellable.
Renaissance and Les Républicains
Sébastien Lecornu, end of May 2026, has three fiscal measures tested preventively by the Conseil constitutionnel. Not principally opposed. Concerned about legal sustainability. Bending along in civilised form.
Medef
Talks about "investment climate" and "competitiveness". No-one listens. In the French debate the entrepreneur is a suspect.
Brussels
Ursula von der Leyen, Roxana Mînzatu, Valdis Dombrovskis
Present on 3 June 2026 a package everyone reads differently because there is nothing in it. They know there is nothing in it. They execute mandates given by their political groups because a real package would be electorally unmanageable. They are not plunderers. They are the curators of a system that facilitates plunder, and they know the productive can no longer be protected within their mandate. They choose to keep meeting.
The historical end-point
History knows one pattern that resembles this exodus: France before 1789. There too the rich withdrew — some literally outside France (in Dutch, English and German exile), others behind the walls of their estates. There too the taxation of the propertied class kept pace with its retreat. There too the poor remained with the bill and without the factory in which they worked. And when that process had advanced far enough, the guillotine came — not because someone had wanted to use it, but because the pattern produces its own end. Whoever withdraws during the plunder is not found on the scaffold. Only those who leave too late.
1789 — the pattern that produces its own end
The guillotine on the Place de la Révolution. The rich who left too late ended on the scaffold; those who went earlier could save their wealth. Around the scaffold the poor gathered — still poor, still hungry, thinned by the plunder they had themselves demanded. The pattern of 2026 shows the same steps in the same order — only accelerated by digital capital flows that did not yet exist in 1789.
The working European sits on a chair he pulls out from under himself — not from stupidity, but from the logic of his own interest as his party defines it. Every vote for "let the rich pay" is a vote that brings the factory where he works closer to Košice, Bruneck, Delaware or Dubai. Every time a union calls an entrepreneur a profiteer, a pension premium disappears faster than the union can negotiate. The union does not know that. It does its work.
They wait for the train to Singapore, Dubai, Texas, Lugano, Ticino. Eighteen thousand of them left last year already. Next year it will be more. In 1789 the same movement took three decades. In 2026 it takes three years, because capital now travels faster than a coach on the road to Koblenz.
Close
There is no accusation in this article. There is an observation. The pilots of this projectile are neither criminals nor fools. They are intelligent, highly educated people who know the figures in this article — many of them know them better than its readers. And they hold course.
That is not punishable. That is not even incomprehensible. For a politician one rationality applies: win votes and do not lose votes. Everything else — economic sustainability, factories that leave, capital flows that change track, historical parallels that loom — is nebenbei. Sideline. Outside the column "re-election". In a democracy that serves majorities, and in which the productive class makes up less than five per cent, this rationality is unavoidable. The problem is not that the pilots do not know what they are doing. The problem is that what they do is exactly the rational — for them. For the rocket it is fatal.
We built this ourselves. We vote. We support. We look away. For the productives the way out lies outside Europe. For us, who chose this ourselves, there is no way out any more. The rocket flies on, and at some point it lands. Where and when — history teaches us. How: that is up to us, in the last years in which it is still up to us.
Sources on capital exodus 2025–2026
- Henley & Partners — Private Wealth Migration Report 2025 and 2026
- Bundesbank — Monthly Report March 2026
- CBS table 85484NED — Dutch emigration 2025
- DNB — Direct investment statistics 2024–2025
- Dutch Government — Business Climate Monitor 2025
- French Senate — question SEQ251207170 (2025)
- Bloomberg — French factory closures 30% Asia tariffs (March 2026)
- LSEG Lipper — UK fund flows review 2025
- Reuters — UK market exodus tracker (June 2026)
- Reuters — Aegon move to US (December 2025)
- The Objective — Wave of companies relocating (January 2026)
- Statistics Sweden — Balance of Payments Q3 2025
- CSO Ireland — International Accounts Q4 2025
- Banco de Portugal — FDI statistics 2025

Jacobus van Merksteijn
Malta
Editor-in-chief of Het Open Vizier. Entrepreneur, developer of industrial and governance innovations (Carbon-Alert Ltd, TerraClean Ltd, GuardSkin Ltd). Writes on economic, ecological and political system questions from experience with the Brussels and The Hague decision-making machine.