Language · English
Edition 2 — Thursday, 28 May 2026

Het Open Vizier

Free information paper without advertisingIndependent, no opinion, no sale of dataKeep me informed →
🎧
Policy advice

Resilience and Selection

How the government can drive a modern selection system. A radical restructuring programme: protect the productive core, dismantle internal services, while preserving basic security.

By Jacobus van Merksteijn  ·  22 min read  ·  28 May 2026

Resilience and selection — a modern governance approach for the Netherlands
Introduction

The existential challenge: an inverted pyramid about to tip

The Netherlands faces a fundamental economic crisis. Our productive sector is being buried under the weight of an over-priced services and government economy. The figures are stark:

77%
Economy in services
CBS 2024 — the productive export core is structurally shrinking
10–15%
Higher tax burden than competitors
Compared with Malta and the UAE — industry, knowledge and jobs are draining away
+9,000
FTE government employment grew in 2024
CBS 2025 — while the productive sector is under pressure
8.9%
Growth in healthcare costs in 2024
The welfare state is undermining its own economic foundations

At the same time, vulnerability among citizens is rising: more mental health problems, less resilience, and increasing dropout from the labour market. This document outlines a radical restructuring programme that applies evolutionary principles to achieve 10% cost reduction per year in internal services, while sparing and strengthening the productive sector.

The goal: within 5 years, a competitive business environment for industry, with tax rates comparable to Malta and Abu Dhabi, financed by the structural dismantling of non-productive overhead.

Chapter 1

Core principles: selection without sacrifices

Before we address the sectors: the single most essential point of this entire programme. Selection here means something specific — not what the term has historically been misunderstood to mean. Read this section carefully.

Advance warning: social Darwinism is not an option

Historically, "survival of the fittest" as a social principle has led to eugenics, forced sterilisation, the justification of extreme inequality and racism. This is morally unacceptable and scientifically obsolete. Evolutionary biology itself demonstrates that cooperation and care for the vulnerable are evolved traits that make groups stronger — not weaker.

What YES: selection on behaviour and systems
  • Policy and systems: ineffective programmes are discontinued, effective ones are expanded
  • Enterprises: market forces drive selection on quality and innovation
  • Behaviour: incentives that reward resilience, work and responsibility
  • Skills: selection in education based on aptitude and effort
  • Sector priority: industry and exports take precedence over internal services
What NO: selection on survival
  • Deliberately hardening child mortality or disease: that is eugenics, morally and historically unacceptable
  • Leaving the "weak" to starve: basic security always remains in place
  • Withholding medical care: access to healthcare is a fundamental right
  • Selection on origin, race or innate characteristics: entirely out of scope

The balance: protecting where it matters, allowing growth where it can

The goal is a society that protects people against major, irreversible risks (permanent injury, death, deep poverty), while exposing them to small risks and consequences (mistakes, setbacks, failure) that teach and strengthen. Resilience and performance are rewarded; dependence is discouraged through systems that are simpler and more responsive — but nobody falls through the floor.

"This is not about 'survival of the fittest' in any social sense, but about economic necessity: select on behaviour, choices and systems, protect the productive core, dismantle internal services rigorously. With basic security preserved, but without illusions about the gravity of the situation."

Economic imperative: Every euro of regulatory burden or cost imposed on industry must be offset by at least one euro of reduction in internal services costs. This is not a political choice but economic survival — the Netherlands must within 5 years reach tax rates competitive with Malta (15–35%) and Abu Dhabi (0–9% corporate tax).

Chapter 2

Upbringing: from overprotection to risk competence

Problem
Too safe, too fragile

Children are growing up in ever safer environments. Research shows this leads to less self-confidence, more anxiety in later life, and young people who cannot assess risks.

Government role
Standard: "as safe as necessary"

Make risky play mandatory in pedagogical policy: climbing, rough-and-tumble, outdoor play, using tools. Redefine GGD oversight from "as safe as possible" to "as safe as necessary".

Result
Resilience as a foundation

Children who learn to deal with minor setbacks and failure are better prepared for real life — without exposure to life-threatening situations. Target: youth care intake −30% in 5 years.

Concrete measures

Policy and regulation
  • Risky play anchored in pedagogical policy (childcare, primary education)
  • Adapt liability law: protect pedagogically responsible risks against unreasonable claims
  • GGD oversight: quality standard "as safe as necessary" made mandatory
Support for parents & professionals
  • Campaigns on the importance of limits, tasks and risks in upbringing
  • Guide professionals: shift from control to coaching
  • Return youth care to genuine need — not for every parenting difficulty
Chapter 3

Education: selection on level and effort

Problem
Too little selection, diplomas declining in value

Everyone may start anywhere. Funding per diploma forces schools to pass everyone through. Too little appreciation for craftsmanship compared with academic education.

Government role
Matching, craftsmanship & incentives

Clear admission and selection criteria, funding tied to skills and job prospects, revaluation of vocational and practical training, normalising failure through reorientation without endless extension.

Result
Diplomas mean something again

Students find the right place, schools maintain quality. Selection on aptitude and effort, not on survival. First-year dropout: target <15% through better entry selection.

Indicators of success

Indicator Current situation Target (5 years)
First-year dropout (higher education)~20–25%<15%
Graduates employed within 6 monthsVaries by fieldRising
Popularity of vocational level 3–4DecliningRising
Average starting salary by education levelStagnantRising via incentive linkage
Tiered student financeFlatTechnical > Services > Public
Chapter 4

Labour market: industry first, services on a diet

Key figure: Dutch energy-intensive industry is under structural pressure from high costs, while government employment grew by 9,000 FTE in 2024. This is an inverted pyramid about to tip — 80% employment in services, a large share of which is non-tradeable.

Three priorities — radical sectoral rebalancing

P1
Productive sector — protect & strengthen
  • Exporting industry: chemicals, high-tech, manufacturing, maritime, agro-food
  • Enabling sectors: energy, logistics, ICT infrastructure
Policy: maximum burden relief, minimum regulatory pressure, priority for permits and space
P2
Competitive services — market forces
  • Financial services, IT services
  • Business services that export
Policy: normal market competition, no extra burdens or subsidies
P3
Internal services — shrink & become more efficient
  • Government, healthcare, education, municipal services, semi-public sector
Policy: structural 10% cost reduction per year, volume contraction, productivity increase

Concrete labour market measures

Work incentives & regulatory burden
  • Working must always pay more than benefits (+30% net minimum)
  • Zero regulatory growth for industry: every new rule requires scrapping two
  • Failure-friendly system: debt settlement <3 months, restart within 6 months
Talent channelling & retraining
  • Targeted retraining: priority for transitions from public/services to technical/production
  • Student finance and employment conditions tiered: technical > services > public
  • Talent flow towards industry via economic incentives — no coercion

Quantitative target (5–7 years): Employment in industry + enabling sectors: +100,000 to +150,000 FTE. Employment in internal services: −150,000 to −200,000 FTE. Net: slightly negative (−50,000 FTE), but higher average productivity and export value per FTE.

Economic selection operates on companies and ideas, not on people. People receive multiple chances through retraining and transition to productive sectors.

Chapter 5

Healthcare and benefits: a hard floor with a soft landing

Problem
Too many catch-all mechanisms without outflow

Too many safety-net mechanisms without reciprocal obligation or prospect of exit. Too few incentives for self-reliance. Unclear role of market forces in youth care, the Social Support Act and reintegration.

Government role
Basic security with conditions

Nobody falls through the floor (shelter, food, medical care). But with a reciprocal obligation, job-seeking requirement and participation. Youth care and the Social Support Act: only for genuine need. Co-payment from those who can afford it.

Result
Selection on choice, not on need

People who can work, do so. People who genuinely cannot are helped. Selection operates on behaviour and choices, not on survival. Healthcare costs: −20% through de-liberalisation of complex care.

Where market forces work vs. do not work in healthcare

Market forces work
  • Standard reintegration pathways for the self-sufficient
  • Light youth care and parenting support
  • Standard Social Support Act provisions (aids, transport)
  • Innovation and pilots where rapid selection is desirable
De-liberalisation needed
  • Complex youth care, mild intellectual disability, severe psychiatry
  • Heavy Social Support Act: dementia, intensive home care
  • Debt counselling in cases of severe problems
  • Reintegration with a long distance to the labour market

Public governance with fixed teams or long-term contracts is more effective in complex care — market models lead there to fragmentation and high transaction costs.

Chapter 6

Policy evaluation: adaptive governance as an evolutionary system

Policy measures are often continued out of habit, without critical evaluation. Ineffective programmes persist because there is no sharp selection process. The government applies the evolutionary principle to policy itself:

V Variation Room for pilots and experiments as the norm, not the exception
S Selection Rigorous evaluation on effectiveness — 10–20% of programmes discontinued annually
R Reproduction What works is rolled out and scaled up to all municipalities
L Learning Errors as learning moments, evaluations as feedback loops — not as political weapons

Warning signals: when to adjust course?

🔴
Intervene immediately
  • Increase in homelessness or hunger
  • Rise in suicide rates or severe mental health problems
  • Debt problems among working people growing
  • Children at risk due to insufficient youth care
🟡
Evaluate and adjust
  • Outflow to work stagnates despite incentives
  • Diplomas lose value
  • Increase in inequality between regions
  • Public trust falls sharply
🟢
Continue developing
  • Resilience and self-confidence rising
  • More people finding suitable work
  • Healthcare costs stabilising
  • Innovation and entrepreneurship growing
Chapter 7

Decentralised governance: evolution between municipalities

The Netherlands has a strong tendency towards central control: detailed regulation, ad-hoc interventions after incidents, municipalities as "execution counters" without their own accountability. This undermines learning and innovation — if every municipality must do the same thing, there is no variation, no selection, and therefore no evolution.

Step 1
The central government defines the "fitness landscape"

Clear objectives and a limited set of core indicators (labour participation, youth care intake, costs per capita). Minimal ground rules: citizens' rights, financial transparency, minimum quality threshold.

Steps 2–3
350+ municipalities experiment

Municipalities choose for themselves how they organise access, debt counselling, reintegration and incentives. Annual public dashboard compares performance per municipality — normalised for population and context.

Steps 4–5
Learning and copying best practices

The VNG facilitates exchange. Weak performers receive a "learning and improvement obligation". Bonus (5–10% of budget) for municipalities that demonstrably meet targets. Successes spread like an evolutionary advantage.

Cost per performance evaluation: Instead of "how much do we spend", the central government steers on "what does it deliver per euro?" — cost per successful exit from social assistance, per completed youth care trajectory, per debt-free exit. This reduces overhead FTE in The Hague through results-based oversight rather than process control.

Chapter 8

Government FTE: structural decline through simplification

157,000
FTE central government service in 2024
+30% increase since 2018 — Netherlands Court of Audit 2025
1.1 mln
FTE public sector total 2024
Central government, municipalities, provinces, subsidised education — CBS 2025
10%
Annual cost reduction as the norm
Internal services: administrative and policy-related
59%
Of the starting level after 5 years
0.9⁵ = 59% — structural, not achieved through salami-slicing

How: simplification, not slash-and-burn

Four instruments for FTE reduction
  • Natural attrition (retirement, departure) not fully replaced
  • Digitalisation of standard processes
  • Scrapping ineffective programmes and duplications
  • Integration of subsidy and project streams — fewer separate pots
Reallocation rather than social drama
  • No forced redundancies in the first years — focus on natural attrition
  • Retraining towards shortage areas: ICT, technology, healthcare teaching
  • Regional mobility centres guide civil servants to the productive core
  • FTE is shifted, not destroyed — higher social value

The hard rule: Every euro of burden on industry (energy, wages, regulatory pressure) is offset by at least one euro of reduction in the internal services sector. This is the central budgetary rule for all ministries.

Chapter 9

Liberalisation and de-liberalisation: smart rebalancing

Rather than ideologically pursuing "more market" or "more government", this programme applies a functional criterion. Far-reaching market competition is logical when three questions are predominantly answered "yes":

Criterion 1
Does competition work?

Are there enough providers, is quality transparent, and can clients actually switch?

Criterion 2
Are transaction costs low enough?

Does the overhead of tendering, oversight and contract management outweigh the benefits of competition?

Criterion 3
Is the target group self-sufficient enough?

Can the target group genuinely exercise freedom of choice — or does vulnerability require public governance?

Market forces have themselves created considerable overhead: many FTE for tendering, contract management and oversight. By de-liberalising complex care and standardising where the market remains, this overhead falls structurally — fewer tenders, simpler oversight, lower failure costs in supply chains. This contributes directly to the 10%-annual-cost-reduction norm.

Chapter 10

Monitoring: 10 control mechanisms with a cost-reduction imperative

The government steers "Darwin-like" selection through these mechanisms — all aimed at 10% annual cost reduction in internal services and protection of the productive sector:

1 Sector priority: industry/exports first, internal services on a diet, hard offset rule for every burden on production
2 Upbringing: mandate risky play, discourage overprotection, reduce youth care intake (−30% volume in 5 years)
3 Education: sharp selection on level, revaluation of craftsmanship, student finance tiered by economic priority
4 Labour market: clear work incentives, zero regulatory growth for industry, retraining towards technical/production, failure-friendly system
5 Healthcare: hard floor with conditions, youth care and Social Support Act back to the core (−20% costs), de-liberalisation of complex care
6 Policy evaluation: adaptive governance with hard stop/go, 10–20% of programmes discontinued annually, no dogma about market vs. public
7 Decentralised governance: municipalities vary, central government measures cost/performance, weak performers required to adjust via best practices
8 Benefits: work must pay (+30% net vs. benefits), but basic security remains, volume control via incentives
9 Personal responsibility: those who can, contribute; those who cannot, receive help — no endless dependency
10 Guarding the limits: no selection on survival, but hard selection on behaviour, systems and economic priority

Central principle: Every measure is tested on its contribution to cost reduction and the strengthening of the productive sector. Sentimentality must not lead to economic self-destruction.

5-year transition path

From here to there: the transition path 2026–2031

The programme follows a phased timeline. Three milestones, five years, concrete and measurable — with red alarm signals that always trigger immediate adjustment.

2026
Year 1
Baseline measurement and laying the institutional foundation

Establish baseline per domain (labour participation, youth care intake, costs per capita, debt positions). Legislation for risky play in pedagogical policy. Launch pilots in decentralised governance in 5 municipalities. First step: 1 new rule = scrapping 2 for industry.

2027
Year 2
Activating selection mechanisms

First policy evaluation cycle — discontinue 10–20% of ineffective programmes. Adjust education selection criteria and fund on skills. Begin FTE reduction through natural attrition. Youth care: volumes −10% via stricter allocation. Mobility centres for civil servants operational.

2028
Year 3
Scaling what works

Roll out municipal best practices nationally. De-liberalisation of complex care completed — public governance for severe cases. Internal services cost reduction: 20% vs. 2026 baseline. Tax burden on industry noticeably reduced via the offset rule.

2029–30
Years 4–5
The shift measurable: industry growing, services contracting in an orderly way

Industrial employment visibly rising. Government rates moving towards Malta levels for exporting industry. Youth care costs stabilised. Youth resilience indicators improved. Diploma value measurably restored. Regional mobility centres: thousands of civil servants retrained for productive sectors.

2031
Evaluation
Strategic recalibration: has the target been reached?

External audit of all ten control mechanisms. Are tax rates competitive? Has the productive core grown? Has basic security been maintained? Based on the outcomes: continue, adjust or restructure fundamentally. The evolutionary principle applies to the system itself: what works scales — what does not work, stops.

Hard red limit throughout the entire transition path: The moment an increase in homelessness, suicide rates or children at risk due to insufficient youth care is measured — intervene and adjust immediately. Economic selection never supersedes the human floor.

Conclusion

Integrated governance logic: humane at the floor, hard on systems

This programme combines evolutionary principles into a coherent framework. Not a utopia, but a realistic course:

Humane at the floor
Basic security always remains

Nobody falls through the floor. Access to medical care, a roof over one's head, and a minimum guarantee of subsistence are fundamental rights — not variables in the system.

Hard on systems
No endless funding of ineffectiveness

Programmes, institutions and organisations are continuously evaluated. What does not work stops. What works scales. The government applies the same selection principles it expects of the market.

Learning as standard
Measure, adjust, repeat

Adaptive governance is not a one-time design but a permanent learning process. Generate variation, identify successes, disseminate knowledge, stop failures — this is the normal mode of operation, not the exception.

"This is not about 'survival of the fittest' in any social sense, but about economic necessity: select on behaviour, choices and systems, protect the productive core, dismantle internal services rigorously. With basic security preserved, but without illusions about the gravity of the situation."

The three pillars stated explicitly once more

Selection on — this programme
  • Behaviour, choices, effort and responsibility
  • Policy, systems and institutions on effectiveness
  • Sector priority: industry above internal services
  • Municipal performance via comparable indicators
  • Market forces where they work, public governance where needed
Never selection on — explicitly
  • Biological, innate or hereditary characteristics
  • Survival: basic security is non-negotiable
  • Origin, race, disability or illness
  • Deliberately hardening child mortality or disease
  • Withholding care from people who genuinely need it

Promoting resilience without hardening people, selecting what works without sacrificing individuals, and protecting the economic base that makes the welfare state possible — this is the course.

Policy advice

Resilience and Selection — the essence in 5 minutes

How the government can drive a modern selection system

The Netherlands faces an existential economic challenge: 77% of the economy in services, tax rates 10–15% higher than competitors such as Malta and the UAE, and government employment that grew by 9,000 FTE in 2024 while the productive sector contracts. This programme charts a course: 10% annual cost reduction in internal services, industry as the priority, basic security maintained.

The foundation: what selection DOES and DOES NOT mean

This is the most essential part of the programme and must always come first:

Selection on behaviour & systems
  • Policy: stop what does not work, expand what does
  • Enterprises: market competition on quality and innovation
  • Behaviour: incentives for resilience, work and responsibility
  • Sectors: industry and exports before internal services
Never selection on survival
  • No eugenics or hardening of child mortality
  • Basic security always remains in place
  • Medical care never withheld
  • No selection on innate characteristics

"This is not about 'survival of the fittest' in any social sense, but about economic necessity: select on behaviour, choices and systems, protect the productive core, dismantle internal services rigorously. With basic security preserved, but without illusions."

The three sector priorities & key figures

P1
Productive core — protect
  • Industry, chemicals, high-tech, maritime, agro-food
  • Energy, logistics, ICT infrastructure
Max. burden relief, min. regulatory pressure
P2
Competitive services — neutral
  • Financial services, IT, business services that export
Normal market competition
P3
Internal services — shrink
  • Government, healthcare, education, semi-public
10% cost reduction per year
10%
Annual cost reduction in internal services
Norm for all administrative and policy functions
5 years
Transition path to competitive rates
Target: Malta/Abu Dhabi level for exporting industry

The six domains at a glance

1 Upbringing: mandate risky play — from "as safe as possible" to "as safe as necessary". Youth care −30% volume.
2 Education: selection on level and effort, revaluation of craftsmanship, student finance tiered by economic priority.
3 Labour market: work always pays (+30% net), zero regulatory growth for industry, retraining towards technical sectors, failure-friendly system.
4 Healthcare: hard floor with conditions, de-liberalisation of complex care, co-payment from those who can. Healthcare costs −20%.
5 Policy: adaptive governance — discontinue 10–20% of programmes annually, scale what works, pilots as the norm.
6 Governance: 350+ municipalities experiment, central government measures cost/performance, disseminate successes via the VNG. FTE reduction in The Hague through results-based oversight.

Conclusion: humane at the floor, hard on systems

This programme is not a utopia but a realistic course. Three pillars:

Pillar 1
Humane at the floor

Basic security always remains. Access to medical care, a roof over one's head, minimum subsistence security are fundamental rights — not variables.

Pillar 2
Hard on systems

No endless funding of ineffectiveness. Programmes, institutions and sectors are continuously evaluated. What does not work stops.

Pillar 3
Protect the productive core

Every burden on industry is offset by reduction in internal services. The foundation that keeps the welfare state afloat is nourished — not burdened.

The 5-year target: a competitive business environment for industry (Malta/Abu Dhabi level), 10% annual cost reduction in internal services, basic security maintained, red alarm signals always addressed immediately.